Siri Definitif Kebangsaan 2020 : Hidupan Marin Ikonik FDC

Malaysia merupakan antara negara yang mempunyai pentas benua terbesar di dunia tropika. Kekayaan dan kepelbagaian biologi hidupan mana kite menjadikannya sebahagian daripada komponen penting Segitiga Terumbu Karang yang merupakan habitat kepada 600 spesies terumbu karang dan 1,200 spesies ikan. Hidupan marin kita amat panting dalam memellhara ekosistem yang semakin berkembang. Kits mestilah memastikan Malaysia terus memelihara hidupan liar yang kaya dan pelbagai daripada ancaman aktiviti manusia yang tidak terkawal dan pemanasan global yang terus menjadi risiko hanan bagi alam sekitar kita. Pos Malaysia berbangga mengeluarkan Setem Siri Definitif Kebangsaan - Haiwan Marin lkonik menampilkan Penyu Karah, Kima Besar, Dugong, Lumba-lumba Putih dan Yu Paus. 

Malaysia is a country with one of the largest continental shelves within the tropical world. The richness and biodiversity of our marine life make it an integral part of the ecological Coral Triangle, which is currently inhabited by more than 600 coral species and 1200 fish species. Our marine life is crucial in preserving an ever-growing ecosystem. The reefs and seagrass act as a habitat and shelter to the nearby wildlife, which feed on the wide range of natural food sources. We must ensure that Malaysia continues to maintain its rich and diverse wildlife in the face of uncontrolled human activities and global warming which continues to be a daily risk to our environment. Pos Malaysia proudly presents our National Definitive Series -Iconic Marine Life with the Hawksbill Turtle, the Small Giant Clam, the Dugong, the Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin, and the Whale Shark.

Penyu Karah boleh dijumpai di perairan negara iaitu pantai Melaka, serta di terumbu karang di pulau-pulau berhampiran. Karah bertelur dan Mac hingga Jun dan bertelur antara 70 hingga 160 telur dalam setiap sarang. Saiz telur adalah kira-kira 5cm diameter, dengan anak tetasan berukuran antara 40 hingga 45 milimeter panjang dan berwarna gelap. Seekor penyu dewasa betina boleh membesar dari 75crn sehingga 90cm panjang dengan beret sehingga 68kg Menurut IUCN, populasi Penyu Karah adalah semakin berkurang. 

The Hawksbill turtle is found in Malaysian coastal waters of Melaka, as well as on the coral reefs of the surrounding islands. With an average lifespan of 30 to 50 years, the Hawksbill is recognisable by the shape of its narrow head and a hawk-like beak, and a beautiful colourful carapace and a series of overlapping scutes. The turtles nest from March to June and lay between 70 to 160 eggs in each nest. The size of the egg is approximately 5cm in diameter, with hatchlings between 40 to 45 millimetres in length and dark in colour. According to IUCN, the population of Hawksbill turtles is currently decreasing.

Common Name : Hawksbill turtle 

Family :  Cheloniidae

Scientific Name : Eretmochelys imbricata

IUCN Status : Critically Endangeres (CR)

Yu Paus mempunyai system pembiakan ovoviviparous, Yu Paus betina menyimpan telur dalam uterus (rahim) sehingga telur itu menetas dan kemudian is melahirkan anaknya. Saiz anak ketika kelahiran ialah antara 40 hingga 50 cm.Yu Paus menapis makanannya daripada air laut dengan membuka mulutnya semasa berenang dan makanan tersangkut pada sisir insang. Yu Paus merupakan haiwan yang bermigrasi dan kebiasaannya hidup di perairan beriklim tropika dan lautan yang bersuhu panas. Berdasarkan IUCN, Yu Paus merupakan spesies hidupan terancam dan populasinya semakin menurun. 

The largest fish in the world is the whale shark. It can grow up to 20 metres long, weigh over 34 tons and live up to an average of 80 years. As filter feeders, the whale sharks open their mouth and swim forward, pushing water and food into their mouth and expelling through the gills.Whale sharks are ovoviviparous. This means that their eggs remain in the body of the female and the young hatch inside of the mother. The female will then give birth to the pups. The whale shark is known to migrate every spring and usually inhabits all tropical and warm-temperate seas, According to IUCN, the whale shark is endangered and its population is on a decline.

Common Name : Whale Shark
Family : Rhincodontidae
Scientific Name : Rhincodon typus
IUCN Status : Endangered (EN)

Lumba-Lumba Putih adalah mamalia marin yang melahirkan dan menjaga anak sehingga is mampu berdikari dan mencari makanan sendiri. Tumbesaran ikan Lumba-Lumba Putih jantan dewasa boleh mencapai 3.2 meter dan betina 2.5 meter panjang dengan berat sehingga 284 kg. Jangka hayat puratanya adalah sehingga 40 tahun. Tempoh bunting adalah 10 hingga 13 bulan dan selalunya melahirkan hanya seekor anak. Saiz anak ketika dilahirkan ialah 1 meter panjang. Berdasarkan IUCN populasinya semakin menurun. 

Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphins are marine mammals that give birth to their young and take care of their offspring until the young can find food for themselves. The animal has an estimated body length of 3.2 metres for adult males and 2.5 metres for adult females. An adult can easily weigh up to 284kg and live up to 40 years. They are often found in small groups of less than 10, pairs or even alone. heir preferred habitat usually involves warmer temperatures and tropical latitudes. When pregnant, female dolphins would undergo a 10 to 13 month gestation period. Oftentimes, the animal would only give birth to a single calf, measuring an average of 1 metre. At this moment, the IUCN notes that the animal's population is decreasing around the world. 

Common Name : Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin 

Family : Delphinidae 

Scientific Name : Sousa chinensis 

IUCN Status : Vulnerable (VU)

Terkenal dengan warnanya yang cerah, Kima Besar adalah spesies moluska dwicangkerang terancam yang sering ditangkap dan dipelihara dalam akuarium. Kima mempunyai hubungan simbiosis dengan sejenis alga yang dikenali sebagai "zooxanthellae" yang hidup dalam tisu Kima. Kima membuka cangkerang dan mengunjurkan tisu mantelnya agar alga menerima cahaya matahari yang diperlukan bagi proses fotosintesis. Berdasarkan IUCN ianya berisiko dan bergantung kepada konservasi 

Known for its bright colours, the Small Giant Clam is a species of a bivalve mollusc that is highly sought after for aquariums. With an average size of 35cm to 40cm, this animal has a lifespan of up to 200 years in its own natural environment.The Clam has a symbiotic relationship with the Zooxanthellae algae that lives inside the tissue of the Clam. Occasionally, it raises its shell to project its mantle tissues to give the algae a chance to receive sunlight for photosynthesis. According to IUCN, the small giant clam is endangered and marked for conservation. 

Common Name : Small Giant Clam
Family : Cardiidae
Scientific Name : Tridacna maxima
IUCN Status : Lower Risk: Conservation dependent (LR/cd) 

Dugong adalah mamalia laut yang melahirkan anak dan menjaga anak-anaknya sehingga is berdikari. Dugong dewasa boleh membesar sehingga 3.3 meter panjang dengan beret lebih daripada 400kg dengan jangka hayat purata selama 70 tahun. Dengan bentuk badan yang seperti torpedo, ekor seperti ikan paus dan muncungnya yang menghala ke bawah menjadikan dugong haiwan yang unik. Tempoh bunting dugong biasanya mengambil masa selama 13 hingga 15 bulan. Selepas tempoh itu, is akan melahirkan seekor anak yang saiznya antara 1 hingga 1.5 meter panjang dan 20kg berat. Anak dugong akan matang dan mula berdikari sekitar 14 hingga 18 bulan selepas dilahirkan. Berdasarkan IUCN populasi semakin menurun. 

The dugong is a marine mammal that gives birth to its young and cares for its offspring until it is independent. Adult dugongs are able to grow up to 3.3 metres in length, weigh over 400kg, and live up to an average lifespan of 70 years. It is the last species of the Dugongidae family, which is closely related to manatees. With a torpedo-like body shape and a tail flunked like a whale, it's unique shape coupled with a broad and bristled snout, makes the dugong a distinctive animal. When pregnant, female dugongs often have a gestation period of 13 to 15 months. After that period, they will give birth to a calf. From then on, their journey towards independence will range from 14 to 18 months after their birth. At this moment, the IUCN notes that the dugong's population is decreasing around the world.

Common Name : Dugong 

Family : Dugongidae 

Scientific Name : Dugong dugon 

IUCN Status : Vulnerable (VU) 

Siri Definitif Kebangsaan 

Butiran Teknikal • Technical Details

Tarikh Keluaran / Date of Issue 18.06.2020
Denominasi / Denomination RM1.30, RM1.40, RM1.50, RM1.70 & RM1.90
Saiz Setem / Stamp Size 28mm x 32mm
Tebukan / Perforation 14
Kandungan Helaian / Sheet Content 10 setem / stamps
Denominasi Lembaran Mini / Miniature Sheet Denomination RM5
Saiz Lembaran Mini / Miniature Sheet Size 90mm x 80mm
Kertas / Paper 102gsm Stamp Paper OBA Free, PVA Gummed from Tullis Russel TR8
Proses Percetakan / Printing Process Litografi / Lithography
Pencetak / Printer Southern Colour Print, New Zealand
Pereka Bentuk Setem / Stamp Designer Reign Associates Sdn. Bhd.
Sampul Surat Hari Pertama / First Day Cover 50sen
Folder / Folder RM6.00