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The Baba & Nyonya Heritage
Warisan Baba & Nyonya Peranakan Cina dan Baba-Nyonya adalah istilah yang digunakan untuk pendatang Gina masa abad lewat ke-15 sehingga abad ke-19 ke Nusantara Melayu. Ahli-ahli komuniti di Melaka ini menggelarkan diri mereka sebagai "Baba Nyonya". Baba adalah panggilan untuk kaum lelaki dan Nyonya untuk kaum wanita. Kaum Baba & Nyonya sebahagiannya berbudaya Melayu, terutama dalam makanan, pakaian dan bahasa yang digunakan, sementara mengekalkan beberapa tradisi Cina dan budaya seperti agama, nama, perubatan rakyat dan sambutan perayaan, sekali gus mewujudkan satu budaya baru.
The Baba & Nyonya Heritage Peranakan Chinese and Baba & Nyonya are terms used for the descendants of late 15th to 19th-century Chinese immigrants to the Malay Archipelago. Members of this community in Melaka address themselves as "Baba & Nyonya". Baba is the address for the men and Nyonya for the women. The Babas & Nyonyas were partially assimilated into the Malay culture, especially in food, dress and language used, while retaining some of the Chinese traditions and culture like religion, name, folk medicine and festival celebrations, thereby creating a new mixed culture.
Seramik Nyonya
Seramik Nyonya dicirikan oleh motif hiasan dan corak bunga ros yang berwarna-di permukaan enamel. Setem ini memaparkan balang yang dipanggil "kamcheng" - digunakan sebagai bekas untuk mengisi air, jeruk dan lain-lain jenis makanan. Turut dipaparkan adalah sudu seramik, pinggan dan cawan dengan ciri-ciri Phoenix dan bunga peonies - simbol kemakmuran dan kekayaan.
Nyonyaware
Nyonyaware is characterised by its decorative motifs and the most vivid and colourful familiar rose enamels. The stamp features a covered jar called "kamcheng" - variously used as a container for water, pickles and other types of food. Also featured are ceramic spoons, plate and cups with features of Phoenix and peonies - a symbol of prosperity and good fortune.
Selipar manik
Selipar manik adalah salah satu item Nyonya yang paling popular dan masih terdapat pada hari ini. Teknik membuat kasut juga merupakan salah satu daripada peninggalan kraftangan dari zaman kegemilangan Baba dan Nyonya. Selipar manik sama ada terbuka di depan atau tertutup. Motif popular yang digunakan untuk corak adalah bunga, burung, rama-rama, dan buah-buahan.
Beaded slippers
The beaded slipper is one of the most popular Nyonya object still found today. The technique of making such footwear is also one of the few crafts left over from the golden age of the Baba & Nyonya. The beaded slippers were either opened face (peep-toe) or covered face. The popular motifs used for the patterns were flowers, birds, butterflies and fruits.
Rumah Baba Nyonya
Rumah tipikal Baba Nyonya mempunyai pedimen Neoklasik, tiang dan hiasan stuko atas tingkap, digabungkan dengan tradisi tempatan ketukangan kayu. Bahagian depan rumah biasanya dihiasi dengan warna terang jubin lukisan tangan dan watak-watak Cina berwarna emas pada latar belakang hitam yang besar. Muzium Warisan Baba dan Nyonya di Jalan Tun Tan Cheng Lock di Melaka mempamerkan salah satu kediaman Baba-Nyonya dari abad ke-19 yang paling baik dipelihara.
Peranakan townhouse
The typical Baba Nyonya townhouse features Neoclassical pediments, pillars and stucco decorations over windows, combined with the local tradition of timber craftsmanship. House fronts are usually heavily decorated with brightly colored hand-painted tiles and Chinese characters painted in gold on large black backgrounds. The Baba and Nyonya Heritage Museum on Jalan Tun Tan Cheng Lock in Melaka showcases one of the most well-preserved 19th-century Baba-Nyonya residence.
Pakaian pengantin
Pakaian pengantin adalah sangat berwarna-warni. Tengkolok yang dipakai oleh pengantin perempuan dibuat daripada lebih daripada seratus emas dan perak di mana pin rambut diselitkan ke dalam rambut untuk membentuk mahkota. Di dada dan pergelangan tangan terdapat banyak perhiasan aksesori. Pakaian diperbuat daripada kain sutera dan sama ada diselaraskan dengan benang emas atau ditutup dengan sulaman benang berwarna. Jaket pengantin lelaki dan topi adalah dari jenis bangsawan Manchu Lama China. Beliau mempunyai kipas tradisional Cina di atas tangannya dan but sebagai kasut.
Peranakan Wedding
The wedding costume is colourful and elaborate. The headdress worn by the bride is made out of more than a hundred gold and silver hair pins that are put into the hair to form a crown. On her chest and wrists she wears numerous jewelry and accessories. The costumes are made from damask silk and either couched with gold thread or covered with coloured thread embroidery. The groom's jacket and hat are that of the Manchu gentry of Old China. He has a traditional Chinese fan on his hand and boots as footwear.
Kebaya Nyonya
Kebaya Nyonya buat pertama kali muncul hanya pada awal abad ke-20. Versi awal memaparkan sulaman yang agak ringkas namun kemudian, terutamanya dari tahun 1960-an dan seterusnya, sulaman yang lebih indah dan teliti mula muncul. Walaupun kebaya nyonya pada awalnya dijahit tangan, Kebaya Nyonya pada hari ini disulam menggunakan mesin jahit dengan motif bunga yang menjadi tema kegemaran. Lembaran mini mempunyai komposisi motif buah-buahan Malaysia dengan penggunaan kreatif warna yang berbeza. Kebaya Nyonya yang dipaparkan telah memenangi Anugerah Kraftangan Cemerlang UNESCO 2012.
Nyonya Kebaya
The Nyonya Kebaya first appeared only in the early 20th century. These early versions featured rather simple embroidery work but later, especially from the 1960s onwards, a more exquisite and intricate embroidery began to emerge. While the early Kebayas are hand sewn, the Nyonya Kebaya today is embroidered using the sewing machine with flower motives being the favourite theme. The miniature sheet features a composition of Malaysian fruit motifs with the creative use of contrasting colours. The kebaya featured won the UNESCO Award of Excellence for Handicraft 2012.
Acknowledgements : Muzium Negara • Persatuan Baba & Nyonya Kuala Lumpur • Cedric Tan • Lim Swee Kim • Baba Nyonya Heritage Museum
Technical Details
Tarikh Keluaran / Date of Issue 29.11.13
Denominasi / Denomination 60sen (sepasang/setenant) , 80sen (sepasang/setenant)
Saiz Setem / Stamp Size 30mm x 48mm
Tebukan / Perforation 14
Kandungan Helaian / Sheet Content 20 setem / 20 stamps
Denominasi Lembaran Mini /Miniature Sheet Denomination RM5
Saiz Lembaran Mini / Miniature Sheet Size 85mm x 100mm
Saiz Setem Lembaran Mini / Miniature Sheet Stamp Size 50mm x 60mm
Kertas / Paper Yellow Green Phosphor 102gsm
Proses Percetakan / Printing Pocess Litografi / Lithography
Pencetak / Printer Cartor Security Printing
Pereka Bentuk / Designer Reign Associates Sdn. Bhd.
Sampul Surat Han Pertama / First Day Cover 50 sen
Folder / Folder RM5.50 (Di pejabat-pejabat pos terpilih sahaja / Only at selected post offices)
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